Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder is characterized by which of the following?

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is indeed characterized primarily by significant health impairment and nutritional deficiency. This disorder manifests as an extreme aversion to certain foods or food groups, or a very limited intake, which can lead to serious physical and psychological consequences. Individuals with ARFID do not engage in behaviors related to fear of weight gain, as seen in other eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa. Instead, their eating patterns are influenced by factors such as sensory sensitivities, a lack of interest in food, or a fear of adverse consequences from eating (e.g., choking).

In ARFID, the consequences of restrictive eating can result in substantial health issues, including malnutrition, weight loss, and a lack of essential nutrients, which is central to the diagnosis. This makes the identification of significant health impairment and nutritional deficiency a key characteristic of the disorder.

Understanding ARFID in this way allows for a clear distinction from other eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa, where binge eating is followed by compensatory behaviors, or pica, which involves the consumption of nonfood items. Recognizing these nuances is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.