What does the category of substance-related disorders encompass?

The category of substance-related disorders in the DSM-5-TR specifically encompasses addiction to, abuse of, and dependency on psychoactive substances. This includes a wide range of substances such as alcohol, prescription medications, and illicit drugs. The spectrum of disorders reflects varying levels of severity, indicating that individuals may experience different degrees of impairment and distress related to their substance use.

This classification recognizes both the psychological and physiological aspects of substance use and acknowledges that issues can arise from not only the addictive potential of these substances but also the resulting impact on a person’s social, occupational, and personal functioning. Therefore, substance-related disorders include both Substance Use Disorders, characterized by a pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment or distress, and Substance-Induced Disorders, which are conditions directly resulting from substance use.

The other options do not accurately capture the full scope of substance-related disorders as defined in the DSM-5-TR. Focusing on only addiction to alcohol or indicating the absence of dependency does not reflect the comprehensive nature of the category. Similarly, framing the question around behavioral issues related solely to food diverges from the specific focus on psychoactive substances.