Which category of disorders is characterized by excessive fear in response to real or perceived situations?

The category of disorders characterized by excessive fear in response to real or perceived situations is Anxiety Disorders. These disorders encompass a range of conditions, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, and specific phobias, all of which involve intense fear or worry that can significantly impair daily functioning.

Anxiety Disorders are marked by persistent feelings of anxiety and apprehension, with individuals often experiencing heightened physiological responses such as increased heart rate and sweating when confronted with stressful situations. The fear associated with these disorders can be disproportionate to the actual threat posed, leading to avoidance behaviors that can further exacerbate the condition.

While depressive disorders focus on mood regulation and feelings of sadness, and obsessive-compulsive disorder involves intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, they do not primarily revolve around fear responses. Personality disorders are more about stable patterns of behavior and internal experiences that deviate from cultural expectations. In summary, the distinctive feature of excessive fear in response to situations firmly aligns with the characteristics of Anxiety Disorders.