Which disorder is characterized by deficits in intellectual ability during the developmental period?

Intellectual Developmental Disorder is characterized by significant deficits in intellectual functioning, which typically manifests as challenges in reasoning, problem-solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, and academic learning. These deficits are present during the developmental period, which spans from conception through age 18, leading to impairments in adaptive functioning that affect social and practical skills necessary for daily living.

This disorder is distinguished from other options listed, as it explicitly focuses on the intellectual capacity and adaptive functioning deficits that are identified early in life. While Global Developmental Delay involves limitations in multiple areas of development including motor skills and language, it does not specifically reference deficits in intellectual ability per se but rather overall developmental progress. Social Communication Disorder and Speech Sound Disorder are primarily concerned with communication and speech-related challenges rather than intellectual functioning. Therefore, Intellectual Developmental Disorder is the most accurate representation of the disorder characterized by deficits in intellectual ability during the developmental phase.